نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استاد، گروه اقتصاد دانشگاه ساسکاچوان، ساسکاتون، کانادا
2 استادیار، گروه اقتصاد سیاسی و سیاستگذاری عمومی دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران
3 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد اقتصاد، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران
چکیده
تجارت بین‌الملل علاوه بر اثر مستقیمی که بر محیط‌زیست دارد بر رشد اقتصادی کشورها نیز تاثیرگذار است. بنابراین، بررسی نقش تجارت در رابطه بین رشد اقتصادی و محیط‌زیست (فرضیه منحنی محیط‌زیستی کوزنتس) از اهمیت بسزایی برخوردار است. از این رو، مقاله حاضر به نقش احتمالی تجارت در تغییر موقعیت و شکل منحنی محیط‌زیستی کوزنتس می‌پردازد. در این مقاله از چهار روش اقتصادسنجی داده‌های تابلویی، شامل حداقل مربعات معمولی، اثرات ثابت، پریس-وینستن و تفاضل اول برای دوره زمانی 1980-2014 استفاده شده است. جامعه مورد بررسی این پژوهش شامل 149 کشور است که زیر‌گروه‌های آن به چهار گروه درآمدی کشورهای با درآمد پایین، کشورهای با درآمد متوسط رو به پایین، کشورهای با درآمد متوسط رو به بالا و کشورهای با درآمد بالا تقسیم شده‌اند. داده‌های ردپای اکولوژیک به عنوان شاخص کیفیت محیط‌زیست به‌کار گرفته شده است. نتایج پژوهش نشان می‌دهند که در حالت کلی تجارت بین‌الملل باعث تغییر در منحنی محیط‌زیستی کوزنتس می‌شود. همچنین در گروه کشورهای با درآمد بالا، فرضیه منحنی محیط‌زیستی کوزنتس رد نمی‌شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
شاه‌حسینی، سمیه؛ فریدزاد، علی، مروت، حبیب. (١٣٩٦). بررسی اثرات مقیاس، ترکیبی و فنی الگوی تجارت بین الملل بر انتشار کربن؛ مطالعه موردی منتخب کشورهای در حال توسعه صادرکننده نفت، پژوهشنامه اقتصادی، 65 ، ١٧٦- ١٤٣.
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