Document Type : Research Paper
Author
Professor, International Relations, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to analyze the emergence of a new and different field for economic action. This new field is called the world economy, which is beyond the international economy, and its nature and the fundamental forces affecting it differ from those affecting the international economy. Due to this new environment, phenomena such as global capital and the global value chain have emerged, without which it is impossible to obtain a correct picture of the construction of economics, both within countries and globally. Policy-making will also be different in this new environment. This article is meant to demonstrate how the development of new global phenomena contributed to the emergence of a new global economic climate that has transformed the behavior and position of nations within the new global order. Despite the many differences between theories, in the first part of this article, we will try to highlight the fact that they agree on the formation of the world economy and the world entering a new stage. Based on the data gathered from sources such as the annual reports of the World Trade Organization, the UNDP, and the International Monetary Fund, we present in the second section that the change has actually occurred and the world has entered a new space.
Keywords
محمودی، الهه. (1398). جهانی شدن و تاثیر آن بر تورم در کشورهای در حال توسعه آسیایی. سیاستهای راهبردی و کلان ، 7(1)، 46-64.
هابرماس، یورگن . (1380). جهانی شدن و آینده دموکراسی. ترجمه کمال پولادی. تهران: مرکز.
Attinasi, M.G, Balatti, M., (2021). Globalization and its implications for inflation in advanced economies. ECB Economic Bulletin, 1(4).
Chohan, Usman W. and Chohan, Usman W., The FATF in the Global Financial Architecture: Challenges and Implications (March 14, 2019). CASS Working Papers on Economics & National Affairs, EC001UC (2019), Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3362167 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3362167
De Bandt, O.,Briconge, J, and Fontogne, L,(2021), “ Globalization and Uncertainty” (Febuary 23, 2021), Eco Notepad, Available at https://blocnotesdeleco.banque-france.fr/en/blog-entry/globalisation-and-uncertainty ,
Farzanegan, M. R., Feizi, M., & Gholipour, H. F. (2021). Globalization and the outbreak of COVID-19: An empirical analysis. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 14(3), 105.
De Búrca, G., Keohane, R. O., & Sabel, C. (2014). Global experimentalist governance. British Journal of Political Science, 44(3), 477-486.
Gilpin, R. (2001). Global Political Economy; Understanding the International Economic Order. Princeton: Princeton university press.
Long, A., & Ascent, D. (2020). World economic outlook. International Monetary Fund.
Kalekin-Fishman, D. (2011). Andrew Jones, Globalization: Key Thinkers, Polity: Cambridge, UK and Malden, MA, 2010; 260 pp.: ISBN 9780745643212, International Sociology,26(2), 279–279. https://doi.org/10.1177/0268580910391018
Keohane, R. O. (2012). Twenty years of institutional liberalism. International relations, 26(2), 125-138.
OECD. (2020). Global Value Chains.(March 5,2021) Retrieved from: http://www.oecd.org/sti/ind/global-value-chains.htm
Robati, F. N., Akbarifard, H., & abdolmajid Jalaee, S. (2021). Investigating the dimensions of globalization and its impact on poverty in Iran: An improved bat algorithm approach. MethodsX, 8, 101210.
Paul, D. (2010). Liberal perspective on the global political economy. In O. Encyclopedia, Oxford Research Encyclopedia; International Studies (pp. 1-30). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Ravenhill, J. (2005). Global Political Economy. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Keohane, R. O., & Nye Jr, J. S. (2000). Globalization: What's new? What's not?(And so what?). Foreign policy, 104-119.
Rosecrance, R. (1999). The Rise of the Virtual State: wealth and power in the coming century. New York: Basic books.
Schechter, M. (2002). Critiques of Coxian theory. In M. S. Robert Cox, The Political Economy of a Plural World (pp. 1-25). New York: Routledge.
Smith, R., El-Anis, I., & Farrands, C. (2017). International political economy in the 21st century: Contemporary issues and analyses. New York: Routledge.
Held, D., & McGrew, A. G. (Eds.). (2007). Globalization theory: Approaches and controversies (Vol. 4). Cambridge: Polity.
statista. (2020). Banks and financial service.(April 18, 2020) Retrieved from Statista: https://www.statista.com/statistics/710680/global-stock-markets-by-country/
Stiglitz, J. (2003). Globalization and Its Discontents. New York: W.W.Norton.
Timmer, J. (2014). A fast look at Swift, Apple’s new programming language. Ars Technica, 5(6).
UNCTAD. (2020). World Investment Report. Geneva: The United Nations.
Wallerstein, I. (2004). World systems analysis. In G. Modeleski, Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems. Oxford: Eolss Publishers.
Waltz, K. N. (1999). Globalization and governance. PS: Political Science & Politics, 32(4), 693-700.
- (2020). "Market capitalization of listed domestic companies "(October 11, 2020). Retrieved from World Bank: https://www.worldbank.org/
WTO. (2019). World Trade Statistical Review. World Trade Organization DOI: https://doi.org/10.30875/7195c6e1-en