alaeddin ezoji; Abbas Assari Arani; mohmmad reza vaeze mahdavi; GholamReza K. Haddad
Abstract
The relationship between human capital and labor productivity is always important for economists. Considering the relationship between these two will also be remarkable in microeconomic studies. Meanwhile, the impact of different dimensions of human capital on labor productivity can be a measure ...
Read More
The relationship between human capital and labor productivity is always important for economists. Considering the relationship between these two will also be remarkable in microeconomic studies. Meanwhile, the impact of different dimensions of human capital on labor productivity can be a measure of actual effect of human capital on productivity. The aim of this paper is to examine the effects of various dimensions of human capital (education, health, and experience), on labor productivity based on individual characteristics in Iranian economy. We use micro data (Cost–Income Survey of Urban Areas - 2013) and estimation of Quantile Regression (QR) econometric technique. For this purpose, net income (wage and salary) for employment in private sector is used as proxy of labor productivity. Our results show that in different quantiles, all three dimensions of human capital have a positive and significant effect on productivity of labor force employed in Iranian private sector. Meanwhile, in different quantiles, health indicators of human capital are more volatile than other dimensions of human capital, i.e. education and experience. So, in lower quantiles (Ql), the response of labor productivity to health indicators is more than higher quantiles (Qh). Because of that, any kind of health shock may have a greater effect on labor productivity in lower-income groups. This result shows the importance of health capital in social security, insurance and health systems and reminds us to improve the productivity of working people by means of better health capital.
Somayeh Shahhosseini; Zahra Amoli; Maryam Khalili
Abstract
In international economics literature, there is a great emphasis on importance of exports on economic development and growth. Because of growth in international trade, all countries try to activate this engine of economy by implementing proper policies. The experience of emerging economies has shown ...
Read More
In international economics literature, there is a great emphasis on importance of exports on economic development and growth. Because of growth in international trade, all countries try to activate this engine of economy by implementing proper policies. The experience of emerging economies has shown that countries with high intensity of industrial exports have experienced faster economic growth than others. Thus, focusing on industrial export and studying factors which affect export intensity are very important. So, in this study we investigate the impact of firm- and industry-level characteristics on export intensity. For this purpose, the data for Iranian manufacturing firms during 2007 to 2013 have been used. The results of empirical model estimated by using Dynamic Panel-Data approach and GMM Estimator show that export intensity of firms is positively affected by research and development intensity, capital intensity, labor productivity of firms and export intensity of industry while firm size, industry concentration and industry-level labor productivity has negative and significant effect on export intensity.
Arian Daneshmand; Mohammad Sattarifar
Abstract
The role of information and communications technology (ICT) in promoting productivity growth has been the focus of much debate in the past few decades. To our knowledge, there is no prior study done on the Iranian economy that particularly has looked at the effect of internet use on labor productivity. ...
Read More
The role of information and communications technology (ICT) in promoting productivity growth has been the focus of much debate in the past few decades. To our knowledge, there is no prior study done on the Iranian economy that particularly has looked at the effect of internet use on labor productivity. In this paper we explore short-run and long-run effects of internet use on labor productivity over the period 1989–2015 in Iran. We use autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach (Pesaran et al. 2001) within an augmented Solow (1956) growth model to examine contribution of internet use on labor productivity growth. We find that internet use has a positive long-run impact on labor productivity. Furthermore, the Toda and Yamamoto (1995) non-Granger causality test shows a bi-directional causal relationship between internet use and labor productivity.
Abbas Shakeri; Teymour Mohammadi; Fatemeh Rajabi
Volume 15, Issue 58 , October 2015, , Pages 37-60
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the determinants of inflation in the period 1960-2011 and autoregressive model (VAR) is used here. In this study due to the structure of the Iranian economy, the mark-up index is derived and its growth growth along with liquidity growth, nominal exchange ...
Read More
The purpose of this study is to investigate the determinants of inflation in the period 1960-2011 and autoregressive model (VAR) is used here. In this study due to the structure of the Iranian economy, the mark-up index is derived and its growth growth along with liquidity growth, nominal exchange rate growth and productivity growth are used in the model. The results of Granger causality test show one-way causal relationship between the three variables of mark-up growth, exchange rates growth and labor productivity growth in one hand and inflation on the other hand, as well as two-way causal relationship between money growth and inflation. Also impuls response functions confirm a negative relationship between labor productivity growth and inflation. Moreover, based on the analysis of impulse response functions of three variables of mark-up growth, liquidity growth and exchange rate growth, they are positively correlated with inflation. Variance decomposition showed that each of the variables of inflation, mark-up growth and labor productivity growth in the short-term and respectively with the shares of 45, 29 and 25 percent, have the highest explanation on inflation forecast variance. But in the long run, the effect of mark-up growth is reduced, and labor productivity growth, inflation, liquidity growth, exchange rate growth and mark-up respectively explain 30, 28, 17, 14 and 10 percents of the forecast errors.
