Farshad Momeni; Hamid Padash; Amir Khadem Alizadeh; Ramineh Soleimanzadeh
Abstract
Semiotics is the process of studying signs. The study of the relationship between semiotics and other sciences is a relatively new topic in the scientific world. Discovering this relationship can be the goal of various research, including this one. This study, by adopting a semiotic approach, examines ...
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Semiotics is the process of studying signs. The study of the relationship between semiotics and other sciences is a relatively new topic in the scientific world. Discovering this relationship can be the goal of various research, including this one. This study, by adopting a semiotic approach, examines development within the framework of institutionalism. This research shows that there is a link between semiotics and the institutional approach of development in several ways. First, the market is a contractual phenomenon and is influenced by the preferences and values of individuals. Second, the state is an institution that can be analyzed using semiotic analysis. Third, consumption and value of goods depend on how they use signs. Fourth, production is a semiotic behavior. Fifth, the rational behavior of actors has a logical and semiotic meaning. Finally, the system of values and norms that shape the behavior of individuals is a subject of cultural semiotics.
Zeynab Aeeni; Mahmoud Motevaseli; Kamal Sakhdari; Ali Mobini Dehkordi
Abstract
Explaining change has always been one of the greatest challenges in social sciences. With a particular focus on economic change, Schumpeter introduced novelty as the key to fundamental changes and subsequent economic development. Recognizing the corresponding epistemological foundations of a novel phenomenon ...
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Explaining change has always been one of the greatest challenges in social sciences. With a particular focus on economic change, Schumpeter introduced novelty as the key to fundamental changes and subsequent economic development. Recognizing the corresponding epistemological foundations of a novel phenomenon is the starting point for understanding itself, its process, conditions, and prerequisites. Hence, in this paper, first we discuss the assumptions governing novelty and novel phenomena. Then, we compare the three major approaches used to explain entrepreneurial phenomena in the literature, namely neoclassic, neo-Austrian, and radical subjectivism, and we explain the appropriate novelty-based epistemological foundation of entrepreneurship. To better understand radical subjectivism, we discuss its five fundamental assumptions, namely “imaginative choice,” “plans based on past experiences and future expectations”, “heterogeneity and in equilibrium”, “the metaphor of the world as a kaleidoscope” and “the creation of order”. finally, the implications of these assumptions are set forth for future research on economics and entrepreneurship.
Farshad Momeni; Ali Nikounesbati
Abstract
Studies show that not only there are important differences between old and new institutionalism, but also new Institutional economics is not a single body of thought. In addition, there are important differences in the assumptions, methods and subject matter between the new institutional economics and ...
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Studies show that not only there are important differences between old and new institutionalism, but also new Institutional economics is not a single body of thought. In addition, there are important differences in the assumptions, methods and subject matter between the new institutional economics and neoclassical economics. Overall, the institutional approach led to major changes in explanations and policy recommendation about development problems, of which, we can mention the emphasize on importance of informal institutions and organizations, the importance of the firm and importance of interdisciplinary approach. Comparing the approaches of institutional and neoclassical economics toward economic growth, as the most important index of development, shows that institutional approach has greater explanatory power and it suggests different policy recommendations. Recent institutional studies show that creation of a democratic and participatory institutional structure is the foundation of economic growth and a prerequisite for the implementation of right economic policies. However, special attention also should be given to poverty and inequality. Therefore, the move towards a democratic structure is the most important institutional reform that should be done in Iran. This is the only practical way to reduce inequality and achieve sustained growth in the country.
Farshad momeni; Golrooz Ramezanzadeh Velis
Volume 14, Issue 54 , October 2014, , Pages 1-32
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to open new horizons for decision-making and resource allocation system in Iran in order to meet the national development goals. To this end, we have relied on theoretical framework of institutionalism and the important finding of historical institutionalists that “History ...
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The purpose of this paper is to open new horizons for decision-making and resource allocation system in Iran in order to meet the national development goals. To this end, we have relied on theoretical framework of institutionalism and the important finding of historical institutionalists that “History of development is the economic history of institutional innovations that reduce transactions cost” to analize underlying factors of institutional changes and significant role of government and historical context in path of institutional innovations of reducing transaction cost and features of said innovations that result in development and reduction of transaction cost in developed societies. Also,by referring to the economic history of our country, we have tried to render and study important evidence of prominent achievements to reduce transactions cost. To achieve such purpose, we have presented two samples of said innovations in post-revolution Iran "clarification of costs and sources that are based on dollar unit " and "clarification of foreign trade rules" and we have compared the situation before and after these innovations. The result of this research indicates that in the context of the political economy of Iran, it is possible to increase the speed of realization of national development goals trough institutional innovations of increasing opportunity cost for rent seeking and drowing up manufacturers’s trust.
Mohammadali Feizpour; Vahid Mahmoudi; Mehdi Emami Meybodi
Volume 9, Issue 35 , January 2010, , Pages 155-173
Abstract
Considerable attention in the extant literature has been devoted to new firm formation and growth of existing firms as the sources of job creation. However, most of the recent studies show that among the growing firm a small minority are ability to show high growth. Although this minority is created ...
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Considerable attention in the extant literature has been devoted to new firm formation and growth of existing firms as the sources of job creation. However, most of the recent studies show that among the growing firm a small minority are ability to show high growth. Although this minority is created the vast majority of new jobs, there is a dearth of research on high growth firms. Furthermore, the majority of literature in this area focuses on large firms while research on high growth small firms is underdeveloped. This paper investigates the characteristics of high growth small firms in manufacturing industry in Iran during the Third Development Plan.
Using a recent population of 7379 small firms (those with 10 to 50 employees), absolute and relative methods and Probit regression model, a number of drivers of high growth were identified and investigated. The
results of this study indicate that high growth small firms are influenced by size in non-linear fashion. In addition, age of firm, profitability, skill of employees, transportation and advertising expenditure, as well as net entry rate are the main characteristics of high growth small firms in manufacturing industry in Iran during the Third Development Plan.
Ebrahim Eltejaee
Volume 9, Issue 33 , July 2009, , Pages 189-222
Abstract
Export Processing Zones (EPZs) have been adopted by many developing countries to move from inward looking toward outward looking strategies. This paper hints that EPZs are instruments of export promoting strategies and compares EPZs in South Korea, China, India and Iran from the aspects of goals, background, ...
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Export Processing Zones (EPZs) have been adopted by many developing countries to move from inward looking toward outward looking strategies. This paper hints that EPZs are instruments of export promoting strategies and compares EPZs in South Korea, China, India and Iran from the aspects of goals, background, incentive policies and contribution to total country exports. Results indicate that S-Korea and China successfully used EPZs for clear goals within their export promoting strategies. But in Iran, like India in the last century, these zones have not been established within any clear trade and industrial strategy. So, in spite of many preferential and incentive policies adopted in Iran's Free Trade Zones, these zones could not play a significant role in export and industrial promotion in the country.
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Volume 4, Issue 15 , January 2005, , Pages 197-238
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Volume 3, Issue 9 , July 2003, , Pages 131-159
