Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
Abstract
Economic inequality in Iran is affected by the existing within inequality and among all provinces in the country as a whole. The main purpose of this article is to analyze the Theil inequality index inequality within and among all provinces including urban and rural regions.
In doing so, the micro 2007 household data is used. The results show that the share of the urban and rural inequality within provinces is 8% and 11%, respectively. Therefore, inequality between provinces has not considerable effect on the inequality as a whole. According to these results one may suggest to the macro province policy maker to concentrate on inequality reduction just within the provinces.
1. مرکز آمار ایران، لوح فشرده خام داده های طرح درآمد-هزینه. تهران: سازمان مدیریت و برنامه ریزی کشور، 1386.
2. Akita, T. "Decomposing Regional Income Inequality using Two-Stage Nested Theil Decomposition Method"., Paper Presented at the 6th World Congress of the Regional Science Association International, in Lugano, Switzerland, Working Paper, No.2, (May 16-20, 2000).
3. Akita, T. and S. Miyata. "Urbanization, Educational Expansion, and Expenditures Inequality in Indonesia in 1996, 1999, and 2002"., IFPRI Discussion Paper 00728, (2007).
4. Akita, T., R. A. Lukman and Y. Yamada. "Inequality in the Distribution of Household Expenditures in Indonesia: A Theil Decomposition Analysis"., The Developing Economies, XXXVII-2, (1999): 197–221.
5. Bellù, L. G. and P. Liberati. "Policy Impacts on “Inequality Decomposition of Income Inequality by Income Sources"., (2006).
- www.fao.org/docs/up/easypol/446/decomp_inequlty_by _source_053EN.pdf.
6. Biewen, M. "Income Inequality in Germany During the 1980s and 1990s"., Review of Income and Wealth, Vol. 46, No. 1, (2000): 1-19.
7. Bo, C. and Y. Qiumei, "Decomposition of Changes in Earnings Inequality in China: A Distributional Approach"., MPRA Paper, No. 3806, Posted 07. November 2007.
8. Bourguignon, F. "Decomposable Income Inequality Measures"., Econometrica, Vol. 47, (1979): 901-920.
9. Cowell, F. A. "Measurement of Inequality, Distributional Analysis Research Programme"., Discussion Paper, No. DARP36, London School of Economic, 95P, (2000).
10. Esteban, J. "Economic Integration and Cross-Country Inequality: the European Experience, International Policy Workshop", Instituto de Análisis Económico (CSIC) and Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona., (2004).
11. Ferreira, F. H.G. and J. Litchfield, "Education or Inflation? The Roles of Structural Factors and Macroeconomic Instability in Explaining Brazilian Inequality in the 1980s, Suntory and Toyota International Centres for Economics and Related Disciplines"., LSE in its Series STICERD- Distributional Analysis Research Programme Papers, No. 41, (1998).
12. Frankema, E. and D. Marks. "Was It Really "Growth with Equity" under Soeharto? A Theil Analysis of Indonesian Income Inequality,1961-2002"., Research Memorandum GD-93, University of Groningen, (2007).
13. Frankema, E.H.P. "A Theil Decomposition of Latin American Income Distribution in the 20th Century: Inverting the Kuznets Curve?"., Working Paper, No.12/06, University of Groningen, (2006).
14. Theil, H. Economics and Information Theory. Amsterdam: North Holland., 1967.
)