Economics Research

Abstract

Abstract   The Multi-Regional Input-Output Table (MRIO) provides comprehensive information on the economic statistics of regions, with help of which economic structure of regions and economic relations among them are determined. Since regional tables and statistics data of inter-regional trade, which are necessary for the construction of multi-regional output tables, are not created by official institutions in Iran, using non-survey methods in regional Input-output literature is the only solution. The main aim of this paper is to provide a nine-zone Input-output table based on the CHARM method in Iran, and to estimate interregional trade. Regional accounts and the national statistical Input-output table in 2011 of Iran’s Statistical Center, have been used as statistical bases. The results of this study indicate that the total value of Interregional trade in Iran is 1000679 billion rials. The highest volume of interregional trade belongs to Khuzestan region is 337658, and the region of southern Alborz with a volume of 242225 and the lowest volume is related to the Azarbaijan region with a volume of 38,283 billion Rials. The largest volume of interregional trade of Iran is in the crude oil and natural gas sector, and then services. The highest volume of interregional trade in the Shomal, Azerbaijani, South-Eastern and Zagros regions are in the agricultural sector, Khuzestan region in the crude oil and natural gas sector, Fars region in the construction of petroleum products and chemicals, the south Alborze and Khorasan regions are in the service sector And the Central region in the manufacturing of metals and electronic and metal products.

Abstract Today, tourism is one of the world's highest booming economic sectors and it is such important in socio-economic development that economists have called it “invisible export”. Given the expanding role of tourism in economic prosperity and the existence of religious and historic sites in Khorasan Razavi province, especially the Imam Reza holy shrine, the impact of tourism on the economy of Khorasan Razavi province is studied in form of a two-region input-output model. For this purpose, input-output coefficients of Khorasan Razavi province and other areas of Iran have been calculated with the use of FLQ non-statistical method from the national input-output table of the year 2011. By calculating direct and increasing coefficients of production and employment in Khorasan Razavi province and the rest of the national economy, a two-region input-output model is presented here. The expenditures paid by domestic tourists staying in the province have been added to our model as export of this province. Our findings show that because of domestic tourists in year 2011, production and employment in this province have been increased 12/11 and 11/47 percent respectively. Moreover, The manufacturing sector in Khorasan Razavi did have the highest level of output impact from the arrival of domestic tourists. The tourism-related sectors, such as transportation and warehousing on the one hand, and wholesale and retail on the other hand were placed in the second and third rank respectively.

Abstract The aim of this paper is to evaluate the impact of financial flows on the real side of the economy. FSAM is one of the useful models used to assess those impacts. In this context, the main research question is how the extension of financial flows in the SAM framework, would affect production multipliers? For this purpose, by using the Social Accounting Matrix for Iranian economy in year 1999, the resulting Financial Social Accounting Matrix is calculated at the national level, and the real SAM and FSAM multipliers are calculated and compared. The results show that: 1) FSAM multipliers are greater than SAM multipliers for all accounts, that difference clearly describes the important role of the financial flows in the economy. 2) By increasing one extra unit in each one of the exogenous items, the financial intermediation sector generates the second maximum increase in the income for the factors of production and domestic institutions of the society after the agricultural sector which creates the largest increase in income in the economy. It is also creating the largest increase in the income of  labors, that this can be one of the reasons of movement of the factors of production towards the financial intermediation and the growth of the financial sector in comparison to the real sector of the economy. 3) according to FSAM maltipliers results, it can be concluded that the financial system in Iran is a bank-oriented.