tayebe chaman; parisa mohajeri; Ali Arabmazar Yazdi
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to identify factors affecting tax evasion with emphasis on financial development. For this purpose, we estimate an ARDL model for the period 1978 to 2014. Our results show that, at first, there is a long-run relationship between tax evasion and explanatory variables (financial ...
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The purpose of this paper is to identify factors affecting tax evasion with emphasis on financial development. For this purpose, we estimate an ARDL model for the period 1978 to 2014. Our results show that, at first, there is a long-run relationship between tax evasion and explanatory variables (financial development, literacy rate, government size and industry value added (%GDP). Secondly, financial development has a significant negative effect (in short-run and long-run) on tax evasion. In other words, higher financial development leads to lower tax evasion. This finding is consistent with the theoretical expectation. Thirdly, literacy rate, government size and industry value added (%GDP) have a significant negative effect on tax evasion. That means tax evasion is decreases by increasing each of them. Also, the variables of GDP per capita and tax complexity did not have a significant effect on tax evasion.
Hosein Raghfar; Hamid Kurd Bache; Marzie Paktinat
Volume 12, Issue 45 , July 2012, , Pages 143-171
Abstract
Poverty traps as vicious circles preserve people‘s poverty and undermine the poor effort to overcome their own misery. This paper presents an empirical test for a subclass of poverty traps hypotheses. This test is based on the production function to generate multiple equilibrium, while must be ...
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Poverty traps as vicious circles preserve people‘s poverty and undermine the poor effort to overcome their own misery. This paper presents an empirical test for a subclass of poverty traps hypotheses. This test is based on the production function to generate multiple equilibrium, while must be present in the region between the equilibrium. Therefore, increasing returns should be strongest when the economy is transiting between steady state than when it is at or near in one of those steady states. We implement this idea by estimating the degree of increasing returns during growth accelerations and growth transitions for a panel of developing and developed economies using World Bank Industrial data. Results of this study show that economies of scale occur where there is collapse in growth. Nevertheless, there are no criteria to distinguish transitory ranges from non-transitory ones. Although, this assumption confirmed economies of scale in industry result in poverty traps.
